Ethnographic Methods

Anderson, E. (2012). Bringing fieldwork back in: Contemporary urban ethnographic research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Angrosino, M. V. (2007). Doing ethnographic and observational research. London, UK: SAGE Publications.

Athens, L. (2010). Naturalistic inquiry in theory and practice. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 39(1), 87-125. doi: 10.1177/0891241609343663

Atkinson, P. (1990).The ethnographic imagination: Textual construction of reality. New York, Routledge.

Atkinson, P., Coffey, A., Delamont, S., Lofland, J.,&Lofland, L. (Eds.). (2001).Handbook of ethnography. London: Sage.

Beaulieu, A. (2010). From co-location to co-presence: Shifts in the use of ethnography for the study of knowledge. Social Studies of Science, 40(3), 453-470. doi: 10.1177/0306312709359219

Burrell, J. (2009). The field site as a network: A strategy for locating ethnographic research. Field Methods, 21(2), 181-199. doi: 10.1177/1525822×08329699

Chapkis, W. (2010). Productive Tensions: Ethnographic Engagement, Complexity, and Contradiction. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 39(5), 483-497. doi: 10.1177/0891241610375278

Chen, S.-H. (2011). Power relations between the reseacher and the researched: An analysis of native and nonnative ethnographic interviews. Field Methods, 23(2), 119-135.

Clifford, J., & Marcus, G. E. (1986). Writing culture: The poetics and politics of ethnogaphy. Berkely, CA: University of California Press.

Coleman, S., & Von Hellermann, P. (2011). Multi-sited ethnography: Problems and possibilities in the translocation of research methods. New York, NY: Routledge.

Crawford, P. I. (Ed.). (2009). Behind the eye: Reflexive methods in culture studies, ethnographic film, and visual media. Højbjerg, Denmark: Intervention Press.

Crowley, J. E. (2007). Friend or Foe?: Self-Expansion, Stigmatized Groups, and the Researcher-Participant Relationship. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 36(6), 603-630.

Davies, C. A. (2008). Reflexive ethnography: A guide to researching selves and others (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

DeWalt, K. M., & DeWalt, B. R. (2011). Participant observation: A guide for fieldworkers (2nd ed.). Lanhan, MD: Rownam & Littlefield.

Dicks, B., Soyinka, B., & Coffey, A. (2006). Multimodal ethnography. Qualitative Research, 6(1), 77-96.

Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (2001). Participant observation and fieldnotes. In P. Atkinson, A. Coffey, S. Delamont, J. Lofland & L. Lofland (Eds.), Handbook of ethnography (pp. 352-368). London: Sage.

Erickson, F. (1986). Qualitative methods in research on teaching. In M. C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (pp. 119-161). New York: Macmillan.

Fetterman, D. M. (2010). Ethnography : Step-by-step (3rd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.

Forsey, M. G. (2010). Ethnography as participant listening. Ethnography, 11(4), 558-572.

Gans, H. (2010). Public Ethnography; Ethnography as Public Sociology. Qualitative Sociology, 33(1), 97-104.

Garbarino, M. S. (1977). Sociocultural theory in anthropology: A short history. Prospect Heights, IL, WavelandPress.

Garcia, A. C., Standlee, A. I., Bechkoff, J., & Yan, C. (2009). Ethnographic approaches to the Internet and computer-mediated communication. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 38(1), 52-84. doi: 10.1177/0891241607310839

Gillham, B. (2008). Observation techniques: Structured to unstructured. New York, NY: Continuum International Pub.

Gobo, G. (2008). Doing ethnography. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE.

Hammersley, M., & Atkinson, P. (2007). Ethnography: Principles in practice (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

Heath, S. B., Street, B. V. & Mills, M. (2008). On Ethnography: Approaches to Language and Literacy Research (Language and Literacy Series). New York: Teachers College Press.

Hillyard, S. (2010). Ethnography’s capacity to contribute to the cumulation of theory: A case study of Strong’s work on Goffman. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 39(4), 421-440. doi: 10.1177/0891241610366710

Holmes, R. (2010). Risky Pleasures: Using the Work of Graffiti Writers to Theorize the Act of Ethnography. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(10), 871-882.

Jones, L., Holmes, R., Macrae, C., & Maclure, M. (2010). Documenting classroom life: how can I write about what I am seeing? Qualitative Research, 10(4) 479-491.

Jordan, B., & Dalal, B. (2006). Persuasive Encounters: Ethnography in the Corporation. Field Methods, 18(4), 359-381.

Kress, G. (2011). ‘Partnerships in research’: multimodality and ethnography. Qualitative Research, 11(3), 239-260.

Lassiter, L. E., & Campbell, E. (2010). What will we have ethnography do? Qualitative Inquiry, 16(9), 757-767. doi: 10.1177/1077800410374444

LeCompte, M. D., & Schensul, J. J. (2010). Designing & conducting ethnographic research: An introduction (2nd ed.). Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.

Lewis, S. J., Russell, A. J. (2011). Being embedded: a way forward for ethnographic research. Ethnography, 12(3), 398-416.

Librett, M., & Perrone, D. (2010). Apples and oranges: ethnography and the IRB. Qualitative Research, 10(6), 729-747.

Madden, R. (2010). Being ethnographic: A guide to the theory and practice of ethnography. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Madison, D. S. (2011). Critical ethnography: Method, ethics, and performance (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Marcus, G. E., & Fischer, M. J. (1986). Anthropology as cultural critique: An experimental moment in the human sciences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Monahan, T., & Fisher, J. A. (2010). Benefits of ‘observer effects’: lessons from the field. Qualitative Research, 10(3), 357-376.

O’Reilly, K. (2011). Ethnographic Methods. New York, NY: Routledge.

Parkin, R., de Sales, A. (2010). Out of the study and into the field: Ethnographic theory and practice in French anthropology. New York, NY: Berghahn Books.

Pelto, P. J., & Pelto, G.H. (1978).Anthropological research: The structure of inquiry. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

Pink, S. (2007). Doing visual ethnography : images, media, and representation in research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Powdermaker, H.(1966). Stranger and friend: The way of an anthropologist. New York: Norton.

Reeves, C. (2010). A difficult negotiation: fieldwork relations with gatekeepers. Qualitative Research, 10(3), 315-331.

Robinson, L., & Schulz, J. (2009). New avenues for sociological inquiry: Evolving forms of ethnographic practice. Sociology, 43(4), 685-698.

Sanjek, R., Ed. (1990). Fieldnotes: The makings of anthropology. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Scott Jones, J., & Watt, S. (Eds.). (2010). Ethnography in social science practice. New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.

Sherman, R. R., & Webb, R.B. (Eds.) (1988). Qualitative research in education: Focus and methods. Explorations in Ethnography. London: The FalmerPress.
Spindler, G. D. (1987). Education and cultural process: Anthropological approaches (2nd ed.). Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland.

Spradley, J. P. (1980). Participant observation. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Strecker, I. A. (2011). Ethnographic chiasmus: Essays on culture, conflict, and rhetoric. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press.

Swartz, S. (2011). ‘Going deep’ and ‘giving back’: strategies for exceeding ethical expectations when researching amongst vulnerable youth. Qualitative Research, 11(1), 47-58.

Taylor, J. (2011). The intimate insider: Negotiating the ethics of friendship when doing insider research. Qualitative Research, 11(1), 3-22.

Van Maanen, J. (1988). Tales of the field: On writing ethnography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Walford, G. (Ed.). (2007). Methodological developments in ethnography (1st ed.). Amsterdam, Netherlands: JAI Press.

Warren, C. A. B. (1988). Gender issues in field research. Beverley Hill, CA: Sage.

Wax, R. H. (1971). Doing fieldwork: Warning and advice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

White, M. L. (2009). Ethnography 2.0: writing with digital video. Ethnography & Education, 4(3), 389-414. doi: 10.1080/17457820903170176

Whyte, W. F. (1984). Learning from the field: A guide from experience. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Willis, E. M. (2010). The problem of time in ethnographic health care research. Qualitative Health Research, 20(4), 556-564.

Winchatz, M. R. (2010). Participant observation and the nonnative ethnographer: Implications of positioning on discourse-centered fieldwork. Field Methods, 22(4), 340-356.

Wolcott, H. (1995). The art of fieldwork. Walnut Creek: Altamira Press.

Wolcott, H. (1999). Ethnography: A way of seeing. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.

Woolgar, S. (1988). Ethnographic research. In S. Woolgar (Ed.), Knowledge and reflexivity (pp. 14-34). London: Sage.